9 research outputs found
Detection of the botnetsβ low-rate DDoS attacks based on self-similarity
An article presents the approach for the botnetsβ low-rate a DDoS-attacks detection based on the botnetβs behavior in the network. Detection process involves the analysis of the network traffic, generated by the botnetsβ low-rate DDoS attack. Proposed technique is the part of botnets detection system β BotGRABBER system. The novelty of the paper is that the low-rate DDoS-attacks detection involves not only the network features, inherent to the botnets, but also network traffic self-similarity analysis, which is defined with the use of Hurst coefficient. Detection process consists of the knowledge formation based on the features that may indicate low-rate DDoS attack performed by a botnet; network monitoring, which analyzes information obtained from the network and making conclusion about possible DDoS attack in the network; and the appliance of the security scenario for the corporate area networkβs infrastructure in the situation of low-rate attacks
Π ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ°ΠΊΠ°
This paper has established that one of the directions to correct a designerβs idea is the close relationship between the metric characteristics of a model and the dynamics of updating the shape structure. The need to convolute information about model varieties of a menβs jacket is due to the cyclical nature of fashion. Regression analysis of this studyβs results has confirmed the impact of the accumulation of quantitative changes in style attributes on the transition to qualitative changes in shape over 15 years. The periodic repeatability of the five-seam design of a menβs jacket as a typical representative indicates the possibility of using clusters of standard elements. Correlation analysis of the update of mobile attributes (an increase along the waistline and the lapel width) confirms a high level of connection with the silhouette characteristic.
Information and analytical material for encoding classification features of the functional components of model designs for an industrial product range collection has been formed. A variant for convoluting the sets of classification features in the process of sampling sorting relative to the basic list of functional nodes has been proposed. The 24Γ24 compatibility matrix built makes it possible to apply the morphological box method to compare sample sets. The presence of uniformity of the average value of accumulated frequencies Kc.u.=0.72, Kt.u.=0.69 confirms the membership of the sample in the typological series. Having a common encoding system simplifies the selection of models from the internet-based product range collections.
The method of sorting the models-proposals of the resulting layout set has been confirmed by the validity coefficient Kv=0.71, which makes it possible to verify the perception of a jacket design as a typical representative of modern structure.
Practical recommendations have been compiled on grouping the records of industrial product range collection model codes into industrial series, which enable control over the launch of articles within the manufacturing process.ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ. ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π Π΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 15 Π»Π΅Ρ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² (ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π»Π°ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π°) ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ.
Π‘ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ². Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ 24Γ24 ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ² Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡ KΠΊ.ΠΎ.=0,72, KΡ.ΠΎ.=0,69 ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΊ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ-ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ KΠ²=0,71, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ°ΠΊΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ.
Π‘ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ· Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΊΡΠ² ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ Π·Π²βΡΠ·ΠΊΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π· Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π·Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ² ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. Π Π΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π·ΠΌΡΠ½ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠ΄ Π² ΡΠΊΡΡΠ½Ρ Π·ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ·Ρ 15 ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ². ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏβΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ°ΠΊΠ° Π² ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ²ΡΠ΄ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ². ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊ (ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π»Π°ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π°) ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΆΡΡ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π·Π²βΡΠ·ΠΊΡ Π· ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ.
Π‘ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎ-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π» ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΡΠ·Π»ΡΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π°ΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π·Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ½ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΡΠΎΠΊ Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΊΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΡΠ·Π»ΡΠ². Π ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ 24Γ24 Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ½ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΡΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠΎΡ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡ KΠΊ.ΠΎ.=0,72, KΡ.ΠΎ.=0,69 ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΆΡΡ Π½Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΡΠΎΠΊ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π±ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π· ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΉ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡΠ².
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ-ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠΌ Π²Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ KΠ²=0,71, ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΊ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ.
Π‘ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎ Π³ΡΡΠΏΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΠΎ Π·Π°Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΊΡ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² Π² ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅
Diagnosing of the Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Material High Performance Drilling Process State
The article presents the results of works on the analysis of using cutting forces and torque measurements to determine the state of dry fiberglass matrix polyester resin composite high performance drilling process. The research and analyzes were carried out for the different states of tool state and the process state itself. GFRP - Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer was used to perform the experiment. As a result of the conducted analyzes, it was determined that booth the forces and torque generated in drilling process can constitute a good diagnostic signal, on the basis of which it is possible to conclude about the state of the process and tool
Computational and experimental diagnostics of the shear properties of greases
The study of the properties of consistent and liquid oils is currently receiving much attention in tribology. This is because lubrication is one of the most effective ways to improve machine durability. At the same time are practically no mathematical descriptions of the mechanisms of grease lubrication, which is necessary for predicting and calculating the wear of machines. When studying the wear of surfaces under boundary lubrication conditions, it is necessary to know the stiffness characteristics of a thin layer of lubricant under normal and tangential stresses. In this paper, a method is proposed for determining the function of the contact tangential characteristics of a thin oil layer between solid deformable surfaces. A thin layer of grease is placed between two hard discs. By measuring the angle of rotation and the moment on the second disc, the dependence of the moment on the angle of rotation is determined. The contact mechanics of torsion of a thin circular lubricant layer has been developed and relations for determining the parameters of the shear diagram of a thin lubricant layer have been obtained. According to the developed method, the Fiol-3 grease was tested and the parameters of the shear diagram were determined
Wear models and diagnostics of cylindrical sliding tribosystem
Reviewers: Mykhaylo Pashechko Prof. dr hab. eng, Department of Fundamental of Technology, Lublin University of Technology, Poland Andrei Ya. Grigoriev Dr. Sci. Eng., V.A. Belyi Metal-Polymer Research Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Gomel, Belarus Audrius Zunda Assoc. Prof. Dr., Institute of Power and Transport Machinery Engineering, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, LithuaniaThe current stage of development of tribology is characterized by the creation of methods for calculating friction pairs for wear. It has long been considered that the creation of such methods is impossible due to the extreme complexity of wear processes. If there are no calculation methods, respectively, there will be no methods for predicting wear resistance and durability of tribosystems. Development of analytical methods of calculation of wear resistance of tribosystems is complicated by nonlinearity of models of wear owing to difficult interrelations of mechanical, thermophysical and frictional properties. To obtain correct results, analytical methods for calculating tribosystems require proof by numerical methods using powerful computing systems. Cylindrical tribosystems of sliding in many power, technological and transport machines are one of the main elements that determines the durability and reliability of the machine as a whole. Therefore, the creation of a system of computational and experimental methods and numerical models for predicting the durability of cylindrical sliding tribosystems, taking into account the variety of operating conditions is an important scientific[...]Vytauto DidΕΎiojo universitetasΕ½emΔs Ε«kio akademij
ΠΠ±ΠΌΡΠ½Π½Π° Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π·Π±ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² ΡΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
The physical mechanisms have been investigated that form and transform the corpuscular-vortex-wave thermal complexes of disturbances in contact tribosystems based on the quantum-mechanical exchange interaction. The presence of a contact gap determines the generation of pairs of quasi-particles-disturbances stabilized by wavelength and frequency. Internal instability and collapse processes in such a system of disturbances lead to the formation of defects in a tribopair's material and underlie the emergency friction regimes. This paper gives specific technical examples of the generation of thermal complexes at fretting, during the friction of sliding and rolling, and at cutting. It has been established that the destructive nature of the process of fretting at low values of reverse sliding speeds is caused by the generation and collapse of the corpuscular-vortex-wave thermal complexes. An example of acoustic friction emission in the ultrasonic region of the spectrum has been used to show the quantum nature of the disturbances generated by friction. The high-frequency spectrum of acoustic emission corresponds to the unbalanced composition of the disturbances and leads to the formation of wear particles. The exchange interaction in a tribosystem involving rolling on the plane has been considered. The results of statistical analysis of such rolling showed the existence of the effect of negative friction caused by the quantum generation of longwave disturbances. It has been demonstrated that the collapsed component of the generation of disturbances is significantly increased under the modes of materials destruction, including when cutting the materials. The corpuscular-vortex-wave mechanism of selective transfer and hydrogen wear in tribosystems has been described. It is shown that the properties of a servovite film under the mode of selective transfer are provided by the collapse processes in the system of disturbances. Similar processes at the vortex-wave transfer of hydrogen atoms in metals lead to the wear and destruction of the surface layer of frictionΠ Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ-Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅. ΠΠ½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°ΠΏΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π΅ ΡΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π°Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅, ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ΅Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Π·Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΎΡΠ°. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°ΠΏΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ². ΠΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°ΠΏΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ ΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ·ΠΈΡΠ½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΡΠ·ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ² Π·Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
, Π·Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ²Ρ Π΄Π²ΠΎΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Π· ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Ρ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ-Π·Π±ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΡΡΠ°Π±ΡΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆΠΈΠ½Ρ Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠ»Ρ Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ. ΠΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡΠ½Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠΉΠΊΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΏΡΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π·Π±ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π² ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈ Ρ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ Π°Π²Π°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ. ΠΠ°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π³Ρ, ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ, ΡΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ². ΠΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΡΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π³Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ². ΠΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΅ΠΌΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Π·Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π±ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΡΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΌ. ΠΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΅ΠΌΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π°Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ Π·Π±ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡ. Π ΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡΠ½Π½Π° Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π· ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Ρ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄`ΡΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π½Π°ΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π·Π±ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΏΡΠ½Π° ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π° Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π·Π±ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ², Π² ΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ². ΠΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΡΠ·ΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π² ΡΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ»ΡΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π·Π°Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π·Π±ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΡΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Ρ ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ
Simulation of the TATA 079 suburban bus rollover tests in accordance with UN/ECE Regulation No. 66
This work is a logical continuation of studies presented in the authorβs previous publications [1,2,3] on establishing the analytical application features of the developed methodology for simulating natural tests in accordance with UN/ECE Regulation No. 66. [4], as well as evaluating the identity between calculated and experimental results of checking the reserve of cabin space. The relevance of the proposed methodology is primarily related to the need to comply with the requirements of the current Regulation regarding the level of passive safety of passengers in the cabin during the certification of buses: a real-life approach to testing is conducted with a series of crash tests, which lead to the inevitable destruction of the bus body frame. We would like to remind that the specific weight of the body cost in the total cost of the bus, depending on its type, can reach up to 50% of its price, which leads to exorbitant costs during the certification of road prototypes before the start of their commercial operation
Exchange Interaction and Models of Contact Generation of Disturbances in Tribosystems
The physical mechanisms have been investigated that form and transform the corpuscular-vortex-wave thermal complexes of disturbances in contact tribosystems based on the quantum-mechanical exchange interaction. The presence of a contact gap determines the generation of pairs of quasi-particles-disturbances stabilized by wavelength and frequency. Internal instability and collapse processes in such a system of disturbances lead to the formation of defects in a tribopair's material and underlie the emergency friction regimes. This paper gives specific technical examples of the generation of thermal complexes at fretting, during the friction of sliding and rolling, and at cutting. It has been established that the destructive nature of the process of fretting at low values of reverse sliding speeds is caused by the generation and collapse of the corpuscular-vortex-wave thermal complexes. An example of acoustic friction emission in the ultrasonic region of the spectrum has been used to show the quantum nature of the disturbances generated by friction. The high-frequency spectrum of acoustic emission corresponds to the unbalanced composition of the disturbances and leads to the formation of wear particles. The exchange interaction in a tribosystem involving rolling on the plane has been considered. The results of statistical analysis of such rolling showed the existence of the effect of negative friction caused by the quantum generation of longwave disturbances. It has been demonstrated that the collapsed component of the generation of disturbances is significantly increased under the modes of materials destruction, including when cutting the materials. The corpuscular-vortex-wave mechanism of selective transfer and hydrogen wear in tribosystems has been described. It is shown that the properties of a servovite film under the mode of selective transfer are provided by the collapse processes in the system of disturbances. Similar processes at the vortex-wave transfer of hydrogen atoms in metals lead to the wear and destruction of the surface layer of frictio
Devising A Method for the Interactive Arrangement of Structural Elements of Men's Jacket Models
This paper has established that one of the directions to correct a designer's idea is the close relationship between the metric characteristics of a model and the dynamics of updating the shape structure. The need to convolute information about model varieties of a men's jacket is due to the cyclical nature of Fashion. Regression analysis of this study's results has confirmed the impact of the accumulation of quantitative changes in style attributes on the transition to qualitative changes in shape over 15 years. The periodic repeatability of the five-seam design of a men's jacket as a typical representative indicates the possibility of using clusters of standard elements. Correlation analysis of the update of mobile attributes (an increase along the waistline and the lapel width) confirms a high level of connection with the silhouette characteristic.
Information and analytical material for encoding classification features of the functional components of model designs for an industrial product range collection has been formed. A variant for convoluting the sets of classification features in the process of sampling sorting relative to the basic list of functional nodes has been proposed. The 24Γ24 compatibility matrix built makes it possible to apply the morphological box method to compare sample sets. The presence of uniformity of the average value of accumulated frequencies Kc.u.=0.72, Kt.u.=0.69 confirms the membership of the sample in the typological series. Having a common encoding system simplifies the selection of models from the internet-based product range collections.
The method of sorting the models-proposals of the resulting layout set has been confirmed by the validity coefficient Kv=0.71, which makes it possible to verify the perception of a jacket design as a typical representative of modern structure.
Practical recommendations have been compiled on grouping the records of industrial product range collection model codes into industrial series, which enable control over the launch of articles within the manufacturing process